Polymicrogyria - Flat Brain

Polymicrogyria is a congenital malformation of cortical development characterized by an excessive number of abnormally small, irregular gyri, producing an apparently thickened and irregular cerebral cortex with an altered cortical architecture. It results from disturbance of late neuronal migration and cortical organization during fetal development and may be focal or widespread. Clinical manifestations vary with the extent and location and include developmental delay, epilepsy, intellectual disability, speech impairment and motor deficits. Bilateral or extensive involvement generally produces more severe neurological dysfunction. Diagnosis is primarily established by neuroimaging, particularly MRI.